States of affairs owe all of their reality to their cognising witness, that for which whether directly in experience or by necessary inference that state of affairs is engaged. A state of affairs without a witness is witnessed by that very speculation and so has no more than a speculative reality. All the ontological relations that can be are relations of cognising witnesses. This truth can only be mistaken for idealism if such witnessing is understood to belong exclusively to mind but that assumption is itself only subject to witnessing and is not at the apex of such function.